Isolates and their Antibiogram from Blood Stream Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Uttarakannada, India

Blood stream infection is the most common health care associated infection and an important cause of mortality and morbidity around the globe (Diekma et al., 2003). The illness associated with the infection may range from mild self limiting to life threatening sepsis requiring rapid and aggressive antimicrobial treatment (Young et al., 1995). Blood stream infection may be transient bacteraemia which is an indication of true systemic infection or contamination from skin (Ladhani et al., 2004; Ayoola et al., 2002). Microbiological culture of blood remains gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial agents and antibiotic susceptibility providing essential information for the evaluation of broad range of diseases like endocarditis, pneumonia, pyrexia of unknown origin and helpful particularly in patients with suspected sepsis allowing for successful recovery of bacteria in 99% patients with bacteraemia (Yagupsky et al., 1990). Antimicrobial resistance is growing threat worldwide in health care setting and possesses a major risk for human health. Resistance to antibiotics limits the success in therapy and prevention of disease (Dagnachew et al., 2014; Singh et al., 2013; The aim of the work was to study the blood culture isolates and their antibiogram. A total of 1070 blood samples were collected from suspected cases of blood stream infection from August 2015 to July 2016, they were processed aerobically and Antibiogram pattern was studied. Cultures were positive in 277 (25.89%) cases. All the positive cultures were obtained after 48 hours of incubation. Gram negative bacteria were 114 (41.16%) of the total isolates with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 28 (10.11%) and Gram positive were 118 (42.60%) amongst which coagulase negative Staphylococcus species 48 (17.33%) being the commonest isolate, Candida species isolated in 46(16.61%) of cases. In Gram negative isolate highest resistance was seen for cefazolin 63(86.30%) followed by aztreonam 60 (82.19%), amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 57(78.08%) and cefaperazone sulbactum 53 (72.60%) in contrast S. aureus strains isolated showed highest resistance to cotrimoxazole 40 (93.02%) followed by penicillin 29(67.44%) and erythromycin 27(62.79%). Blood cultures provide a valuable guide in identifying etiological agent and selecting appropriate antibiotic. Thus helps to achieve a high level antibiotic activity against the off ending bacterial organism. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) pp. 1658-1668 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com